Ingrown Toenail: Expert Advice from a Podiatrist

An ingrown toenail occurs when the edge of the nail grows into the surrounding skin. This condition can cause sharp pain, redness, swelling, and sometimes infection. It most commonly affects the big toe but can happen to any toe. Understanding the causes, symptoms, and treatment options is important to manage this condition effectively.

What Is an Ingrown Toenail and an Involuted Nail?

An ingrown toenail (IGTN) happens when the nail edge pierces the skin. This can feel like a sharp splinter and quickly become painful. The affected area often becomes red, swollen, inflamed, and may ooze pus or bleed if infected.

An involuted nail is different. It is a nail that curls inward toward the skin but does not pierce it. Although it is not technically an ingrown toenail, it can still cause pain and redness. Many people confuse involuted nails with true ingrown toenails.

Ingrown toenail causing redness and swelling

Causes of Ingrown Toenails

• Genetic and Structural Factors: Gait, presence of bunions, naturally curved nails etc) Incorrect Nail Cutting: Cutting nails too short or digging into the corners can worsen the problem.

• Tight Footwear or Socks : These can compress the toes and increase pressure on the nail edges.

• Excessive Sweating: Moist environments soften the skin, making it easier for the nail to pierce it.

• Fungal Nail Infections : Thickened or distorted nails are more likely to become ingrown.

How to Identify an Ingrown Toenail

The most common symptom is sharp, stabbing pain along one or both sides of the nail. The area may also be red and inflamed. However, not all painful nails are ingrown.

Sometimes, patients have a curly nail with debris trapped underneath or a corn or callus beside the nail. A helpful distinction is:

• Ingrown toenail pain: sharp and stabbing

• Corn pain: more throbbing

  
  

A podiatrist can quickly assess the problem, remove debris or corns, and safely trim the nail. If you are unsure, it is best to have it checked, especially if the pain increases.

Curved toenail with inflammation resembling an ingrown toenail

Treatment Options at Berkshire Podiatry, Reading

If you suspect an ingrown toenail, early treatment is important. Untreated infections can spread and become serious, especially for people with diabetes, poor circulation, or weakened immune systems.

What You Can Do Before Your Appointment

• Soak your foot in a warm salty foot bath to reduce inflammation.

• Apply a clean sterile dressing if there is discharge.

• Rest your foot as much as possible.

• Avoid tight footwear.

  
  

Conservative Treatment

For mild or early-stage ingrown toenails:

• The painful nail edge is carefully removed.

• The area is cleaned and dressed.

• Local anaesthetic can be used if the toe is very painful.

  
  

For involuted nails:

• The curved section is removed.

• Nail edges are smoothed.

  
  

If infection is significant, antibiotics may be prescribed.

Nail Surgery (Permanent Solution)

Surgery may be necessary for recurrent ingrown toenails, severe infection, deeply embedded nail edges, or ongoing pain.

At Berkshire Podiatry, we offer:

• Partial Nail Avulsion (PNA) with Phenol

- Performed under local anaesthetic

- Only the problematic side of the nail is removed

- Phenol is applied to prevent regrowth of that section

- Leaves a slightly narrower nail

- Has around a 95% success rate when aftercare advice is followed

• Total Nail Avulsion (TNA) with Phenol

- For very severe or complex cases

- The entire nail plate is removed

- Phenol prevents regrowth

Recovery and Aftercare

You can walk out of the clinic the same day after surgery. Dressings are required, and follow-up appointments for redressing are important. Most patients return to normal activities quickly. We provide full aftercare guidance to ensure optimal healing.

When to See a Podiatrist

At Berkshire Podiatry, we are dedicated to providing expert care for all your foot and ankle needs. If you are experiencing any of the following issues, it is crucial to book an appointment with us urgently:

• Signs of infection such as pus, swelling, or spreading redness

• Diabetes, poor circulation, or a weakened immune system

• Persistent toe pain

• Reduced sensation or other concerning symptoms

Early professional care can prevent complications and provide relief. Our experienced podiatrists are here to help you manage your foot health effectively.

What to Do Next

To take the next steps towards better foot health, consider the following options:

• Book an Appointment: Schedule a visit with one of our podiatrists to discuss your symptoms and receive personalized care. Book appointment here.

• Visit Our Website: For more information about our services and to book your appointment online, visit Berkshire Podiatry.

• Contact Us: If you have questions or need assistance, feel free to reach out to our friendly staff at 07340603598 or email us at info@berkshirepodiatry.co.uk.

This advice aims to help you understand and manage your foot health effectively. If you experience any concerning symptoms, seek professional care promptly to avoid complications.